High Court asked to declare SA’s money lending system fraudulent and unconstitutional.
CAPE TOWN - In what certainly has the hallmarks
of a David vs Goliath battle, SA’s four biggest banks and the Reserve
Bank have been served with summons to defend themselves against
allegations of unconstitutional banking practices.
The papers were served by the sheriff of the court on behalf of the
plaintiff, a non-governmental and not for profit organisation, New
Economic Rights Alliance (NewERA).
NewERA is asking the High Court to declare SA’s money lending system
fraudulent and unconstitutional. The system of loans and credit
advancements is an “unfair, self-serving, monopolistic, economic
activit[y] that [results in] arbitrary deprivation of property, monetary
depreciation and inappropriate conduct,” court papers allege.
According to Scott Colin Cundill, director of NewERA, the action is
not financially motivated. “We are not suing for money. We are asking
the court to suspend all legal action between the banks and SA citizens,
until a full investigation has been undertaken into our banking
system.”
FNB, Standard Bank, Absa and Nedbank confirmed receipt of the
summons. While Nedbank was still studying the summons, FNB, Absa and
Standard Bank confirmed that the matter will be fully defended.
The banks are expected to retain the best legal minds in the country.
At the moment Cundill is making use of a legal advisor but will argue
the application himself.
At the heart of the issue are three trade practices (in particular)
conducted by banks. NewERA intends to show that these are
unconstitutional.
The first is the fractional reserve banking system. The conventional
view of this system is that only a fraction of bank deposits are backed
by actual cash-on-hand and are available for withdrawal. This is done
deliberately in order to expand the economy by freeing up capital that
can be loaned out to other parties. “Our issue with this is that new
loans can be created without having the actual cash to back them,” says
Cundill.
The second is the process of seigniorage. This is the profit that the
SA Reserve Bank (and governments around the world) earn from the
difference in the cost of printing money and the face value of that
money. “The way in which these notes enter the banking system and
therefore the public, and thus how seigniorage is charged, is a very
little known or understood process.”
The last matter that NewERA is taking issue with is securitisation.
This is the financial practice of pooling various types of contractual
debt such as residential home or car loans, repackaging it and selling
this consolidated debt to various investors. It was the practice of
selling toxic debt, packaged as collateralised mortgage obligations,
which triggered the financial crisis in 2008.
NewERA will also argue that the lack of transparency regarding how
banks make use of depositors’ money, prevents individuals from making
informed decisions when dealing with agreements that affect their
financial well-being.
“What we want is the development of co-operative, sound economic
principles to ensure that risk and, or fault does not devolve onto the
consumer unnecessarily and unconditionally, causing loss of property,
investments and value,” says Cundill.
NewERA has 154 members who are joined in the application.
The application is also supported by more than 115 000 people, Cundill says.
The banks have ten days in which to file their intention to defend.
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